If there is no advantage gained or lost, how is it cheating?

I would agree, in the Trice example, maybe he is gaining an advantage because he is using a formula but nobody knows who he is, but this is an experiment for him, and I dont see any disadvantage for the rest of the players. I agree he should have just done his experiment quietly and talked about it aftetr the win, but who would have believed him then? (not that he will win anywho)